Commodore Computer C16 Instrukcja Użytkownika

Commodore Plus/4 and C16:Hardware and Advanced BasicProgramming.Version 1.3by Janne Peräaho & Anders Persson● Introduction 2● Slow and Fast 2● Res

these steps: 1. Calculate the total size needed for your machine language programs and/or custom character set. (SIZE) 2. Get the "top of Basi

EOL is an end of line mark. Its byte value is zero. EOL is used at the end of every Basic line, except the last line. EOP is an end of program mar

BB 187 RND BC 188 LOG BD 189 EXP BE 190 COS BF 191

BASIC OPTIMIZATIONThe following is true for all versions of the 8 bit CBM Basic and is notparticular for Basic 3.5. (At least I think so).GOTO and GOS

COMPILERSIf you compile your program into machine language (for example using the Austrocompiler), then none of these rules are true. In fact, constan

INTRODUCTIONThe TED chip is the graphics and sound chip of these computers. For a good descriptionand a memory map of it, read this article:http://www

SCREEN CODES (TED text modes)The Screen memory starts at 3072 by default.The color/attribute memory starts at 2048 by default.Normal Text (the default

DEFAULT CHARACTER SET:4

5

YOUR OWN CHARACTER SETFirst you have to tell that characters should be fetch from RAM. Thisis done by clearing the second bit of the TED register numb

ROMThe C-16's ROM consists of three main parts: BASIC, TEDMON and KERNAL. BASIC is aBasic interpreter, which can run Basic programs stored in RAM

LISTN $FFB1 Sends LISTEN out serial bus or DMA disk.TALK $FFB4 Sends TALK out serial bus or DMA disk.READSS $FFB7 Returns I/O

READING THE KEYBOARDThe easiest way to read the keyboard from Basic is to use the GET or GETKEYcommands. Here is a third way: PEEK(198). The computer